Basics of GNU/Linux

Basic File System Commands

Name	Command	options	example
List files	ls	-a shows all -l long format -R recursive	ls -la
Current directory	pwd	-P prints the physical location	pwd
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Change	cd	.. takes you up a level	cd /home/gmarx
directory		~ takes you to home directory	cd ~
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Make	mkdir	-p make parent directories as needed	mkdir -p test/example
directory		-v print a message for each directory	mkdir -p /test/example
			*first example creates
			folders inside the
			current folder, other one
			creates folder in root directory
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Delete a	rm	-r recursive (use for directories)	rm sample.txt
file or directory		-d remove empty directory	rm -r test
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Copy a file	cp	-r recursivec copy	cp a.txt b.txt
or directory		-u copy only if the source is newer	cp test-a test-b
		-v verbose (show output)
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Move a file or	mv	-i prompts before overwrite	mv a.txt c.txt
directory		No -r; Moving into the same directory	mv test example
		performs a renaming
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	touch
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	more
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	cal
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*** Terminal

Command	Description
CTRL-c	Stop current command
CTRL-z	Sleep program
CTRL-a	Go to start of line
CTRL-e	Go to end of line
CTRL-u	Cut from start of line
CTRL-k	Cut to end of line
CTRL-r	Search history
!!	Repeat last command
Tab key	Autocompletes
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*** Package management

Command	Debian
Install a package	sudo apt install vim
Upgrade the package in your system	sudo apt upgrade
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*** Basic file editing with VIM *** Expanding the file system